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PSVIMG files are encrypted files generated by [[CMA]] in backing up and restoring data from the Vita.
PSVIMG files are encrypted files generated by [[CMA]] in backing up and restoring data from the PS Vita. The format is documented in the program [https://github.com/yifanlu/psvimgtools|psvimgtools].


== Generating PSVIMG ==
== Generating PSVIMG ==
When [[CMA]] is used to backup system, game, or savedata from the Vita to a PC or PS3, the following algorithm is used:
 
When [[CMA]] is used to backup system, game, or savedata from the PS Vita to a PC or PS3, the following algorithm is used:


# Using a tar-like structure, stream all of the file data into a file.
# Using a tar-like structure, stream all of the file data into a file.
# If making a PSVMD file, use the deflate algorithm to compress.
# If making a PSVMD file, use the deflate algorithm to compress.
# Generate a random nonce for the first 0x10 bytes using the RndNumber syscall.
# Generate a random nonce for the first 0x10 bytes using the RndNumber syscall.
# Generate a unique session AES256 key using a secret phrase and the PSN account id of the PSVita.
# Generate a [[#PSVIMG_Key_Derivation|unique session AES256-CBC key]] using a secret phrase and the account id.
# generate a SHA256 hash of the plaintext every 0x8000 bytes and insert the hash into the filestream.
# Generate a SHA256 hash of the plaintext every 0x8000 bytes and insert the hash into the filestream.
# Encrypt the stream data using EncDecKeygen syscall from [[SceSblDmac5Mgr]] with the nonce as the header and the AES256 session key.
# Encrypt the stream data using [[SceSblSsMgr#sceSblDmac5EncDecKeyGen|sceSblDmac5EncDecKeyGen]] with the nonce as the header and the AES256-CBC session key. This key is set through [[Kprx auth sm|kprx_auth_sm]] using [[Secure_Modules_Functions#0x50001_-_sceSblAuthMgrSetDmac5Key|service 0x50001]]. It is then used in conjunction with [[Secure_Modules_Functions#encdec_w_portability_sm.self|encdec_w_portability]] to decrypt/encrypt PSVIMG blocks.
# Transmit to PC or PS3.
# Transmit to PC or PS3.


=== Secrets ===
=== PSVIMG Key Derivation ===
If you look at the 16 character hex directory name included in part of the backup path, that is your PSN account id.
 
The AES256 session key is calculated by doing a SHA256 hash of the 8 byte hex binary representation of the PSN account id followed by the secret phrase:
The AES256-CBC session key is calculated by:
<code>
* Creating a 33 byte buffer composed of 8 byte hex binary representation of your account id followed by the 0x19 byte PSVIMG secret passphrase.
Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte
* Calculating a SHA-256 hash of buffer above.
</code>
* Decrypting the 32 byte output of the calculated SHA-256 hash with AES128-ECB (128-bit key stored in kprx_auth_sm).
* This decrypted output is the derived PSVIMG AES256-CBC key.
 
When you backup with CMA, the files are stored in a directory in your PC that consists of 16 character hex directory name within your backup path. That hex directory name is a representation of your account id.
 
ex: \Documents\PS Vita\PSAVEDATA\0123456789abcdef\ with '0123456789abcdef' being your account id.
 
==== Pseudocode ====
 
<source lang="C">
#define NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN 8
#define CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN 25
 
static uint8_t passphrase[CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN] = "Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte";
 
{
    ...
    memcpy(seed, aid, NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN);
    memcpy(seed + NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN, passphrase, CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN);
    ...
   
    int seed_len = (NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN + CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN);
    sha256((uint8_t*)seed, seed_len, session_key, 0);
    aes_ecb_decrypt(session_key, CMA_SESSION_KEY_LEN);
 
    return session_key;
}
</source>


==== Example ====
==== Example ====


Buffer:
This is an example where we are going to use account id: 0123456789abcdef.
 
<source>
<source>
01 23 45 67 89 AB CD EF 53 72 69 20 4A 61 79 65 77
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F
61 72 64 65 6E 65 70 75 72 61 20 4B 6F 74 74 65
 
00000000  01 23 45 67 89 AB CD EF 53 72 69 20 4A 61 79 65 .#Eg‰«ÍïSri Jaye
00000010  77 61 72 64 65 6E 65 70 75 72 61 20 4B 6F 74 74 wardenepura Kott
00000020  65                                               e
</source>
</source>


SHA256 of this buffer generates the AES256 session key of:
SHA-256 hash of this 32 byte buffer:
<source>
<source>
02EAAB5A00EC9D4207E8B1F53F8A2F3F91F1A73AAFDD2A81CCFEE3E83E5B101A
02EAAB5A00EC9D4207E8B1F53F8A2F3F91F1A73AAFDD2A81CCFEE3E83E5B101A
</source>
</source>


Unfortunately, this is dependent on the PSVita for executing using the EncDecKeygen function. The AES256 key is altered inside the [[F00D Processor]] in some way currently unknown. Upon decryption, the session key is sent to F00D and an assigned slot. When the HW crypto engine is invoked to perform the decryption, it is given the slot number. Presumably, the crypto engine talks directly with F00D to use the derived key.
The decrypted hash produces the following result after decrypting with AES128-ECB:
<source>
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F
 
00000000  AC A8 2B 25 34 69 8F 3B 3B EB 21 20 69 E8 37 D3  ¬¨+%4i.;;ë! iè7Ó
00000010  9E 85 34 69 73 78 89 8D 0E D7 30 7A D1 30 31 D4  ž…4isx‰..×0zÑ01Ô
</source>
 
This 32 byte (256 bits) sized buffer is the PSVIMG AES256-CBC key.
 


[[Category:Formats]]
[[Category:Formats]]

Latest revision as of 08:13, 17 July 2023

PSVIMG files are encrypted files generated by CMA in backing up and restoring data from the PS Vita. The format is documented in the program [1].

Generating PSVIMG

When CMA is used to backup system, game, or savedata from the PS Vita to a PC or PS3, the following algorithm is used:

  1. Using a tar-like structure, stream all of the file data into a file.
  2. If making a PSVMD file, use the deflate algorithm to compress.
  3. Generate a random nonce for the first 0x10 bytes using the RndNumber syscall.
  4. Generate a unique session AES256-CBC key using a secret phrase and the account id.
  5. Generate a SHA256 hash of the plaintext every 0x8000 bytes and insert the hash into the filestream.
  6. Encrypt the stream data using sceSblDmac5EncDecKeyGen with the nonce as the header and the AES256-CBC session key. This key is set through kprx_auth_sm using service 0x50001. It is then used in conjunction with encdec_w_portability to decrypt/encrypt PSVIMG blocks.
  7. Transmit to PC or PS3.

PSVIMG Key Derivation

The AES256-CBC session key is calculated by:

  • Creating a 33 byte buffer composed of 8 byte hex binary representation of your account id followed by the 0x19 byte PSVIMG secret passphrase.
  • Calculating a SHA-256 hash of buffer above.
  • Decrypting the 32 byte output of the calculated SHA-256 hash with AES128-ECB (128-bit key stored in kprx_auth_sm).
  • This decrypted output is the derived PSVIMG AES256-CBC key.

When you backup with CMA, the files are stored in a directory in your PC that consists of 16 character hex directory name within your backup path. That hex directory name is a representation of your account id.

ex: \Documents\PS Vita\PSAVEDATA\0123456789abcdef\ with '0123456789abcdef' being your account id.

Pseudocode

#define NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN 8
#define CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN 25

static uint8_t passphrase[CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN] = "Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte";

{
     ...
     memcpy(seed, aid, NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN);
     memcpy(seed + NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN, passphrase, CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN);
     ...
     
     int seed_len = (NP_ACCOUNT_ID_LEN + CMA_PASSPHRASE_LEN);
     sha256((uint8_t*)seed, seed_len, session_key, 0);
     aes_ecb_decrypt(session_key, CMA_SESSION_KEY_LEN);

     return session_key;
}

Example

This is an example where we are going to use account id: 0123456789abcdef.

Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00000000  01 23 45 67 89 AB CD EF 53 72 69 20 4A 61 79 65  .#Eg‰«ÍïSri Jaye
00000010  77 61 72 64 65 6E 65 70 75 72 61 20 4B 6F 74 74  wardenepura Kott
00000020  65                                               e

SHA-256 hash of this 32 byte buffer:

02EAAB5A00EC9D4207E8B1F53F8A2F3F91F1A73AAFDD2A81CCFEE3E83E5B101A

The decrypted hash produces the following result after decrypting with AES128-ECB:

Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00000000  AC A8 2B 25 34 69 8F 3B 3B EB 21 20 69 E8 37 D3  ¬¨+%4i.;;ë! iè7Ó
00000010  9E 85 34 69 73 78 89 8D 0E D7 30 7A D1 30 31 D4  ž…4isx‰..×0zÑ01Ô

This 32 byte (256 bits) sized buffer is the PSVIMG AES256-CBC key.